Introduction
Picture this: a crisp autumn morning, the air filled with the promise of a successful hunt. But instead of wandering aimlessly, you’re positioned overlooking a vibrant green carpet, teeming with wildlife. Deer graze contentedly, turkeys scratch for seeds, and the entire ecosystem seems to thrive. This isn’t just a fantasy; it’s the reality achievable with strategically planted food plot clover.
Food plots, quite simply, are cultivated areas designed to provide supplemental nutrition for wildlife. They are a cornerstone of effective wildlife management, helping landowners attract, support, and improve the overall health of game and non-game species. In the vast world of food plot options, food plot clover stands out as a remarkably effective and versatile choice.
Clover, with its lush growth and numerous benefits, is more than just a pretty plant. It’s a wildlife magnet, a soil improver, and a cost-effective solution for landowners seeking to enhance their property. The appeal of food plot clover lies in its palatability and high protein content, making it irresistible to a wide array of wildlife, from deer and turkey to rabbits and pollinators.
This comprehensive guide will delve into the world of food plot clover, offering practical advice and expert insights to help you establish and maintain thriving plots. Whether you’re a seasoned land manager or a novice just starting, this article will provide the knowledge you need to unlock the full potential of food plot clover for your property.
Why Clover is a Superior Food Plot Choice
The reasons why food plot clover reigns supreme among food plot options are numerous and compelling. Its allure to wildlife is undeniable, its nutritional value is exceptional, and its positive impact on soil health is significant.
Wildlife Attractiveness
The sheer attractiveness of food plot clover to wildlife is a major draw for landowners. Deer, in particular, are drawn to the sweet, succulent leaves of clover, making it a prime forage source during critical periods like antler growth and the rut. Turkeys also readily consume clover, foraging for insects and seeds within its dense growth. Beyond game species, food plot clover attracts rabbits, groundhogs, upland birds, and a variety of pollinators, contributing to a biodiverse and thriving ecosystem.
The reason animals prefer food plot clover boils down to palatability. Clover is highly digestible and contains compounds that make it incredibly palatable, especially compared to tougher or less nutritious forage options. Deer especially seek out the fresh tender shoots that make a food plot clover field irresistible.
Nutritional Value
The nutritional value of food plot clover is a game-changer for wildlife. It boasts a high protein content, often exceeding twenty percent, which is essential for antler development in deer, muscle growth, and overall health. During the spring and summer, when does are pregnant or nursing, the protein in food plot clover is critical.
Beyond protein, food plot clover is also rich in vitamins and minerals crucial for wildlife health. Calcium, phosphorus, and other essential nutrients contribute to strong bones, healthy immune systems, and successful reproduction. By providing a consistent source of these vital nutrients, food plot clover helps ensure the long-term health and productivity of your wildlife population.
Soil Benefits
One of the unsung heroes of food plot clover is its remarkable ability to improve soil health. Clover is a nitrogen-fixing plant, meaning it has a symbiotic relationship with bacteria in the soil that convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use. This natural nitrogen fixation reduces the need for synthetic fertilizers, saving you money and minimizing environmental impact.
Furthermore, food plot clover improves soil structure by adding organic matter as it decomposes. This improves water infiltration and retention, making the soil more resilient to drought conditions. The dense root system of clover also helps to stabilize the soil, preventing erosion and runoff, especially on sloped areas.
Cost-Effectiveness & Longevity
Compared to annual crops like corn or soybeans, food plot clover offers a cost-effective and long-lasting solution. Many clover varieties are perennial, meaning they will persist for several years with proper management. This reduces the need for annual planting, saving you time, money, and effort.
While the initial cost of establishing a food plot clover may be slightly higher than some annual options, the long-term benefits far outweigh the initial investment. The reduced need for fertilizers, the extended lifespan of the plot, and the consistent forage availability make food plot clover a wise and economical choice.
Easy to Establish and Maintain
The relative ease of establishing and maintaining food plot clover adds to its appeal. While proper site preparation is crucial, clover is generally more forgiving than some other food plot options. With basic knowledge and consistent management, you can create a thriving food plot clover that will benefit wildlife for years to come.
Choosing the Right Clover Variety
Selecting the right clover variety is critical for the success of your food plot clover. Not all clovers are created equal, and the best choice will depend on your specific goals, climate, and soil conditions.
Overview of Different Types of Clover
There are numerous types of clover available, each with its own unique characteristics. Some of the most popular options include:
- White Clover: A perennial clover known for its persistence and adaptability. Varieties like Ladino and Dutch White are widely used in food plots.
- Red Clover: Another perennial clover valued for its high yield and nutritional value. Red clover is particularly attractive to deer and turkeys.
- Alsike Clover: A short-lived perennial clover that is tolerant of acidic soils. It’s often used in mixes with other clover varieties.
- Crimson Clover: An annual clover that provides quick growth and excellent forage. Crimson clover is often used as a cover crop or as a component of a fall food plot.
Factors to Consider When Selecting a Variety
When choosing a food plot clover variety, consider the following factors:
- Climate and Region: Select a variety that is well-suited to your local climate and growing season.
- Soil Type and pH: Consider the pH level and overall fertility of your soil. Some clover varieties are more tolerant of acidic soils than others.
- Desired Wildlife Species: Choose a variety that is particularly attractive to the wildlife species you are targeting.
- Management Goals: Consider your long-term management goals and choose a variety that aligns with your objectives.
Specific Clover Variety Recommendations
- For areas with heavy deer pressure, Ladino white clover is an excellent choice due to its tolerance for grazing.
- For areas with slightly acidic soils, Alsike clover can be a good option, especially when mixed with other clovers.
- For a quick-growing, annual option, Crimson clover provides excellent forage and adds nitrogen to the soil.
Clover Blends: Why and when to use them
Using a clover blend is usually better than using a single type of clover. These blends can offer more resilience to a particular region and also maximize your plot for wildlife. A clover blend will typically include a mix of red and white clover which allows for more variety and food availability.
Site Preparation and Planting
Proper site preparation is essential for establishing a successful food plot clover. A well-prepared seedbed will give your clover the best possible start, maximizing germination and growth.
Site Selection
Choose a site that receives at least six hours of sunlight per day and has well-drained soil. Avoid areas that are heavily shaded or prone to flooding. Accessibility for equipment is another important consideration. Also, keep in mind that you ideally want the plot close to cover such as a thicket or heavy tree line.
Soil Testing and Amendments
Before planting, conduct a soil test to determine the pH level and nutrient content of your soil. Clover prefers a pH range of six point zero to seven point zero. If your soil is too acidic, apply lime to raise the pH. Follow soil test recommendations for fertilizer application, focusing on phosphorus and potassium.
Weed Control
Weeds can quickly outcompete young clover seedlings, so effective weed control is essential. Use pre-planting herbicides to eliminate existing vegetation or till the soil to create a clean seedbed.
Planting Methods
Clover can be planted by broadcasting or drilling. Broadcasting involves spreading the seed evenly over the soil surface, while drilling uses a specialized planter to place the seed at a precise depth. For clover, which needs light to germinate, broadcasting is typically fine, as long as it is followed by very light dragging/raking.
Compaction
Compaction is a common enemy of healthy food plots. Alleviating compaction through plowing or the use of a disc harrow is essential for allowing clover roots to penetrate the soil effectively.
Maintaining Your Clover Food Plot
Maintaining your food plot clover is essential for ensuring its long-term health and productivity. Regular maintenance practices will help to keep your clover thriving and attract wildlife for years to come.
Mowing
Mowing is an important part of clover management. It stimulates new growth, controls weeds, and prevents the clover from becoming too stemmy. Mow your food plot clover several times throughout the growing season, maintaining a height of about four to six inches.
Weed Control
Continue to monitor your food plot clover for weeds and take appropriate control measures. Selective herbicides can be used to control broadleaf weeds without harming the clover.
Fertilization
Periodic fertilization is essential for maintaining soil fertility and promoting healthy clover growth. Conduct soil tests regularly and apply fertilizer as needed. Avoid using nitrogen fertilizers, as clover fixes its own nitrogen.
Overseeding
Overseeding can help to thicken thin stands of clover and extend the lifespan of your food plot clover. Broadcast additional clover seed over the existing plot in the spring or fall.
Pest and Disease Management
Keep an eye out for potential pests and diseases that can affect clover. Slugs, aphids, and root rot are some common problems. Take preventative measures and treat any infestations promptly.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Even with careful planning and management, problems can sometimes arise. Here’s how to tackle a few common issues:
- Poor Germination: Ensure proper soil contact and adequate moisture after planting.
- Weed Infestation: Implement a comprehensive weed control strategy, including pre- and post-emergent herbicides.
- Yellowing Clover: Address potential nutrient deficiencies by conducting a soil test and applying appropriate fertilizers.
- Thin Stands: Overseed with additional clover seed and ensure proper soil preparation.
Conclusion
The benefits of establishing a food plot clover are undeniable. From attracting a wide range of wildlife to improving soil health and providing cost-effective forage, food plot clover is a valuable asset for any landowner seeking to enhance their property.
By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can create thriving food plot clover that will benefit wildlife and provide you with years of enjoyment. Start planning your food plot clover today for a healthier, more productive, and wildlife-rich property. With a little effort, you can transform your land into a haven for deer, turkey, and countless other creatures.
