The cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) have decreased significantly. However, a tragic case from Trieste shows how important prevention remains.
Trieste – A tragedy occurred in Trieste shortly before Christmas: a five-month-old baby was found dead in his bed. According to the South Tyrol News Investigators believe this is a case of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). An autopsy should clarify the exact cause. The case is a reminder of how important education and prevention are in order to minimize the risk of such tragedies.
Sudden infant death syndrome refers to the unexpected death of a healthy infant while sleeping. Despite intensive research, the exact cause remains unclear. Doctors believe that a combination of internal and external factors – such as innate predispositions, critical development phases or external stress factors – could play a role.
The 3 R rule can protect infants from sudden infant death syndrome
The good news: In Germany, the number of SIDS cases has fallen significantly in the last few decades. According to that Medical Journal In 1991, 1,285 infants died of SIDS, while in 2020 there were only 84. This corresponds to a rejection of 93 percent. “The radical change happened without any new medications or medical interventions – it happened solely through intensive education of families about correct behavior and the necessary preventive measures,” explained Berthold Koletzko, chairman of the Children's Health Foundation.
In order to further reduce the risk, experts are evaluating the AOK Parents to comply with the 3 R rule. These took the following points into account:
- Supine position: Babies should always sleep on their backs as this ensures the best breathing freedom. Lying on your stomach or side increases the risk.
- Smoke-free: Smoking during pregnancy and around the child increases the risk significantly. Passive smoking is also considered a risk factor.
- Correctly bedded: A private bed with a firm, air-permeable mattress in the parents' bedroom is recommended. Cuddly toys, blankets and pillows should be avoided.
Breastfeeding can also significantly reduce the risk of SIDS. Loud AOK The risk is reduced by up to 50 percent. Breastfed babies sleep more easily and react more quickly to lack of oxygen. It is recommended that babies breastfeed for at least six months. Vaccinations not only reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Vaccination against whooping cough in particular plays an important role, as coughing can cause pauses in breathing. Nevertheless, the number of whooping cough infections increased significantly this year.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Current Research and Prevention of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
In addition to the known risk factors, scientists are increasingly emphasizing the role of protective mechanisms in infants. Researchers at the University Hospital of Düsseldorf developed a model that explains SIDS as an imbalance between risk factors and protective factors. Babies who are exposed to premature births or maternal smoking often do not develop sufficient protective mechanisms. The transition phase between the second and fourth months of life, in which newborn reflexes are replaced by acquired protective programs, is also considered critical.
Everyday experiences such as breastfeeding or regular contact with parents promote the development of these protective factors. These observations are based on evolutionary biology findings; at that time, infants were trained through such care practices over thousands of years. In May, another tragedy caused a stir: a 3-year-old died of starvation in Austria while his parents were celebrating in a burger joint. (ls)
